4 Ablution Fittings
Ablution fittings are a type of sanitary fitting. The following are the 4 ablution fittings(Flushing cisterns, Wash Basins, Bath Tube & Sinks).
1. Flushing Cisterns
Flushing cisterns are installed above the water closet or urinal for flushing them. It is usually made of cast iron or porcelain or plastic. It is operated by chain or handle. The discharge capacity of cisterns are usually 5, 10, or 15 liters.
A flushing cistern may either be of the siphonic type or flat-bottom type. The siphonic type of cisterns is widely used nowadays.
2. Wash Basin
A wash basin is a sanitary fitting used for washing hands or brushing teeth etc. It is made of glazed earthenware or vitreous china clay or steel or aluminium etc. In plan, the basins may have rectangular, square, circular, oblong, etc. shapes.
It is provided with one or two water taps. An outlet pipe with gratings is fitted with it for discharging wastewater. The wash basin may be supported either on brackets fixed on a wall or on pedestals.
3. Bath tube
It is a rectangular basin made of R.C.C. finished with marble chips or terrazzo. They may also be made of cast iron or steel. Bathtubs are provided in bathrooms for the purpose of bathing.
It is provided with one or two water taps, one outlet pipe and one overflow pipe. The wastewater from the bathtub is discharged into a waste pipe through a trap.
4. Sinks
A sink is a rectangular basin provided in kitchen or laboratory. It is used to clean utensils etc. It is usually made of glazed earthenware or marble or stainless steel etc.
The sink has an outlet pipe which is fitted with a waste pipe through a floor trap. The mouth of the outlet pipe is provided with grating of brass or nickel to prevent the entry of coarser materials into the waste pipe. The height of the top of the sink from the floor should be 90 cm.
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