Soil Fittings
Soil fitting is one type of sanitary fittings. The following 2 soil fittings (water closets, urinals) are described below:
1) Water Closets(W.C)
A water closet is a sanitary fitting designed to receive human excreta directly. It is connected to the soil pipe by means of a trap.
Sometimes, the room in which it is installed is also referred by the term water closet. Two types of water closets are commonly used these days. They are:
- Indian Type Water Closet.
- European Type of Water Closet.
The Indian-type water closet (W.C) has a squatting pan 450mm to 675mm in overall length and 400mm to 500mm in height.
The pan is fitted with a P or S trap, which is then connected to the soil pipe. It is usually made of porcelain. The trap has an opening for fixing an anti siphonage pipe or a vent pipe.
The pan has a flushing rim to spread the flush water. This W.C. requires at least 10 litres of water for proper flushing. This type of W.C. is largely used in Indian houses.
The European-type water closet (W.C) has a porcelain pan 500mm to 600mm in overall length and 350mm to 400mm in height.
It is one-piece construction in which the pan and trap are not separate. A cover is provided at its top.
The pan has a flushing rim to spread the flush water. This type of W.C. requires less area than the Indian type. This type of W.C. is largely used in the houses of Western countries and in high-class buildings and hotels in India.
2. Urinals
A urinal is a sanitary fitting designed for the collection and disposal
of urine. They are made of glazed earthenware or vitreous china clay. Two types of urinals are commonly used these days. They are: Â
- Bowl or Basin Type Urinals
- Stall or Slab Type Urinals
The bowl-type urinal is used in private buildings and the stall-type urinal is adopted for the public building.
A third type urinal, called squatting plate type is used specifically in ladies toilets. The usual centre to centre spacing of units is kept about 60 cm.
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