Contents
What are the Door And Window?
The door is a framework of timber, steel, glass or combination of these materials. It serves as a connecting link between various parts in a building. It provides access the users of the unit.
The window is a framework of timber, steel, glass or combination of these materials. It provides light and ventilation to the interior of the building.
Size of doors and window
Height of door is approximately taken equal to width of door plus 1.2 m. In India, door height of 2 m is considered most suitable. Minimum height of door is 1.8 m.
Width of door is approximately taken equal to 0.4 to 0.6 times of height of door. Width of door generally varies from 0.8 m to 1.2 m. The maximum width of door is generally taken 3 m.
Height of window is generally kept 1.1 m to 1.2 m. Width of the window is generally kept 0.9 m to 2 m.
Technical terms used in connection with doors and windows
Following 16 technical terms used are described below
1) Frame
A door frame consists of two vertical members called jambs and a horizontal member called head provided at the top. A window frame consists of two of more vertical member called jambs and two horizontal members provided at top and bottom. The top horizontal member is called head and the bottom horizontal member is called sill.
2) Hold fast
It is generally made from mild steel. Hold fasts are provided on each sides f the door and window frame. They keep the frame in position.
3) Horn
This is a horizontal projection of head or sill beyond the face of the frame. They keep the frame in position.
4) Rebate
The depression made inside the frame to receive the shutter is called Rebate.
5) Transom
It is the horizontal member used to divide a window frame.
6) Shutter
The entire assembly of styles, panels, and rails is known as shutter. Shutters are provided inside the door or window frame.
7) Style
Outside vertical members of a shutter are known as styles.
8) Top rail
The topmost horizontal member of the shutter is known as top rail.
9) Bottom rail
The lower most horizontal member of a shutter is known as bottom rail.
10) Lock rail
This is the middle horizontal member of a shutter where locking arrangement is provided.
11) Frieze rail
The rail which is provided between the top rail and lock rail is called frieze rail.
12) Mullion or Munting
The vertical member running through a shutter and sub-dividing the shutter vertically is called mullion.
13) Panel
The area enclosed between the vertical styles and horizontal rails is known as panel.
14) Sash or glazing bar
It is a special type of frame made of light section and designed to carry glass fitted in a shutter.
15) Louver
It is an inclined piece timber fixed within a frame. Louvers are provided in window where vision is required to be prevented without affecting the ventilation system.
16) Putty
It is a mixture of whiting chalk and linseed oil. is used for fixing the glass panels.
Types of door
The common types of doors used in buildings are as follows:
1) Battened and ledged doors.
2) Battened, ledged and braced doors.
3) Battened, ledged and framed doors.
4) Battened, framed and braced doors.
5) Framed and panelled doors.
6) Glazed or sash doors.
7) Sliding doors.
8) Flush doors.
9) Collapsible doors.
10) Revolving doors.
11) Swing doors.
12) Rolling steel doors.
13) Louvered doors.
Read More: Types of Doors
Types of Window
The common types of windows used in the building are as follows:
1) Casement or ordinary window.
2) Glazed or sash windows.
3) Louvered window.
4) Pivoted window.
5) Corner window.
6) Metal window.
7) Double-hung windows.
8) Gable windows.
9) Dormer window.
10) Bay window.
11) Clerestorey window.
12) Lanterns or lantern lights.
13) Sky light.
14) Sliding window.
15) Circular window.
